抵制的起源
众人协商一起拒绝购买某个商家的货物以便对它施加压力，想必古来有之。但抵制这个词是怎样传开来的？
在我的80年代版《辞源》里没有找到，我在手头的一本《汉语外来语词典》里找到“抵抗”，说是经日语进入汉语的，但却不见“抵制”这个词。终于在《汉语大词典》里找到，里面看到晚清和民国年代的例句，估计这个词用了大概百十来年。
若此，它和英语同义词Boycott大约在同时出现。
Boycott的来历
查尔斯•博伊科特（Charles Boycott）中文名字又译杯葛，是19世纪在爱尔兰的土地房产经纪人，代一位贵族大地主管理爱尔兰西部的房地产。他拒绝在发生饥荒后给佃户减租减息，而且手段残暴，把很多人驱赶出家园，引起了本地人的广泛怨恨。
周围的爱尔兰人开始有组织地回避、冷落他，打工者拒绝为他收割地里的庄稼，商家拒绝和他做买卖，邮差也拒绝给他送信。
虽然有几十名同情他的北爱尔兰人曾志愿前去帮助收割，英国军队还派了数千人护卫，但是他无法长久经营下去，在1880年底举家迁回英国。
之后一年通过的土地法保障了所谓的三个“F”，就是fair rent （公平地租），free sale（自由买卖）， fixity of tenure（固定租期）。然而英国在爱尔兰的政治统治并没有就此削弱。
Boycott的名字也并未因为他的离去而销声匿迹。当年的《泰晤士报》就有文章开始用他的名字作为动词，表示抵制行动，之后便很快传播开来，不久在整个英语世界里成了人人皆知的单词。
Charles C. Boycott seems to have been forced by his strong sense of duty into becoming a household word.Boycott was the estate agent of the Earl of Erne in County Mayo, Ireland.The earl was one of the absentee landowners who as a group held most of the land in Ireland.Boycott was chosen in the fall of 1880 to be the test case for a new policy advocated by Charles Parnell, an Irish politician who wanted land reform.Any landlord who would not charge lower rents or any tenant who took over the farm of an evicted tenant would be given the complete cold shoulder by Parnell's supporters.Boycott, a former British soldier, refused to charge lower rents and ejected his tenants.At this point members of Parnell's Irish Land League stepped in,and Boycott and his family found themselves isolated—without servants, farmhands, service in stores, or mail delivery.Boycott's name was quickly adopted as the term for this treatment,not just in English but in other languages such as French, Dutch, German, and Russian.
众人协商一起拒绝购买某个商家的货物以便对它施加压力，想必古来有之。但抵制这个词是怎样传开来的？
在我的80年代版《辞源》里没有找到，我在手头的一本《汉语外来语词典》里找到“抵抗”，说是经日语进入汉语的，但却不见“抵制”这个词。终于在《汉语大词典》里找到，里面看到晚清和民国年代的例句，估计这个词用了大概百十来年。
若此，它和英语同义词Boycott大约在同时出现。
Boycott的来历
查尔斯•博伊科特（Charles Boycott）中文名字又译杯葛，是19世纪在爱尔兰的土地房产经纪人，代一位贵族大地主管理爱尔兰西部的房地产。他拒绝在发生饥荒后给佃户减租减息，而且手段残暴，把很多人驱赶出家园，引起了本地人的广泛怨恨。
周围的爱尔兰人开始有组织地回避、冷落他，打工者拒绝为他收割地里的庄稼，商家拒绝和他做买卖，邮差也拒绝给他送信。
虽然有几十名同情他的北爱尔兰人曾志愿前去帮助收割，英国军队还派了数千人护卫，但是他无法长久经营下去，在1880年底举家迁回英国。
之后一年通过的土地法保障了所谓的三个“F”，就是fair rent （公平地租），free sale（自由买卖）， fixity of tenure（固定租期）。然而英国在爱尔兰的政治统治并没有就此削弱。
Boycott的名字也并未因为他的离去而销声匿迹。当年的《泰晤士报》就有文章开始用他的名字作为动词，表示抵制行动，之后便很快传播开来，不久在整个英语世界里成了人人皆知的单词。
Charles C. Boycott seems to have been forced by his strong sense of duty into becoming a household word.Boycott was the estate agent of the Earl of Erne in County Mayo, Ireland.The earl was one of the absentee landowners who as a group held most of the land in Ireland.Boycott was chosen in the fall of 1880 to be the test case for a new policy advocated by Charles Parnell, an Irish politician who wanted land reform.Any landlord who would not charge lower rents or any tenant who took over the farm of an evicted tenant would be given the complete cold shoulder by Parnell's supporters.Boycott, a former British soldier, refused to charge lower rents and ejected his tenants.At this point members of Parnell's Irish Land League stepped in,and Boycott and his family found themselves isolated—without servants, farmhands, service in stores, or mail delivery.Boycott's name was quickly adopted as the term for this treatment,not just in English but in other languages such as French, Dutch, German, and Russian.
留言
發佈留言